The structure of a concrete pump truck is basically divided into five components: chassis, boom system, pumping system, hydraulic system and electronic control system (see the figure below).
NO.1 Pump Truck Chassis
The chassis is used to realize the driving function of the concrete pump truck and is also the power source of the working part. The pump truck chassis is modified on the basis of the general load-bearing chassis: the transfer case is inserted in the middle of the transmission shaft, and the sub-beam is added to the chassis’ main beam as the fixed base of the boom system. The chassis of Sany concrete pump trucks mainly include four brands: ISUZU of Japan, VOLVO of Sweden, and Mercedes-Benz of Germany and Sany self-made;
(1)Transfer Case
The transfer case of a concrete pump truck is a device that distributes the power of the engine. Its appearance is like a square box. The input shaft of the transfer case of the pump truck is connected to the vehicle gearbox through the transmission shaft. There are two ways to produce power. One is to transmit the power to the rear axle through the output shaft. This method is used for vehicle driving conditions. The other method is to drive the hydraulic pump through the three shafts, and the hydraulic pump outputs pressure oil to drive each working mechanism. This method is used for pumping conditions. The switching between the two methods is completed by the cylinder.
Transfer case structure
(2)Transmission Shaft
The main purpose of the drive shaft is to transfer the power of the engine to the wheels, which is the driving force of the vehicle. Please pay attention to two points when applying for accessories:
1、The length of the drive shaft (measured from the vehicle between the two connecting plates connected to the drive shaft after the drive shaft is removed)
2、Flanges at both ends of the drive shaft (there are three main types of connecting flanges: European standard [four holes, with teeth], type A [10 holes, outer diameter φ180], type B [12 holes, outer diameter φ225])
Tip: You can also apply for a drive shaft based on the steel stamp code on the drive shaft.
No.2 Boom System
The main function of the boom system of the concrete pump truck is to complete the transportation and distribution of concrete when the concrete pump truck is working, and to support the entire vehicle and ensure its stability. The system consists of a boom assembly and a turret (see the figure below), where the boom assembly is installed on the turret. The entire boom assembly can rotate 365 degrees on this base, and each boom section can also rotate around its own axis.
(1)Boom assembly
The function of the boom assembly is to deliver the concrete pumped by the pumping mechanism directly to the pouring position indicated by the end of the boom through the delivery pipe attached to the boom through the extension and rotation of the boom, to realize the delivery and distribution of concrete.
(2)Turret
The turret is the base of the boom assembly, pumping system and chassis when the pump truck is working, and enables the boom assembly to rotate 365°. It consists of a turntable, a slewing mechanism, a fixed turret (connecting frame) and outrigger supports (see the figure below). Its upper turntable is connected to the spreading arm and bears pressure on the slewing mechanism. When working, the four legs are supported on the ground to provide a stable base for the arm. The entire arm is installed on the turntable and can rotate 365° with the turntable. Each section of the arm can also rotate around its own axis. These actions are combined to place concrete at any position (within the working range) without blind spots for spreading.
(3) Fixed turret
It has a hydraulic oil tank and a flushing water tank (the right side is the oil tank, the left side is the water tank)
(4)Outrigger support
The function of the outrigger is to stably support the entire vehicle on the ground and directly bear the load torque and weight of the entire vehicle.
NO.3 The Hydraulic System
The hydraulic system of the pump truck consists of a pumping hydraulic system and a boom hydraulic system.
Hydraulic components
(1)Hydraulic oil
The best working temperature of hydraulic oil is 55 degrees, and the minimum working temperature is 15 degrees. The hydraulic oil must be replaced every six months, and the hydraulic oil tank must be cleaned and the hydraulic oil filter core replaced.
(2)Hydraulic oil tank
The hydraulic oil tank is a working medium that requires high cleanliness. Therefore, the upper cover of the hydraulic oil tank cannot be opened casually to prevent impurities from mixing into the hydraulic oil.
(3)High-pressure filter
(4)Pressure gauge
(5)Accumulator
The role of the accumulator: storing energy and maintaining pressure, replenishing oil to the system as an emergency energy source, absorbing pressure shock or pulsation, reducing vibration and noise, etc.
(6)Oil pump, motor
(7)Multi-way valve
(8)Air cooler
(9)Identification of hose accessories
No.4 The Electric Control System
The electric control system of the concrete pump truck consists of an electric control box, an operation panel, a remote controller, etc. The operation panel consists of three parts: a local control panel, a remote control panel, and a cab control panel.
No.5 The pumping system
The pumping system is the actuator of the concrete pump truck, which is used to continuously transport concrete along the delivery pipeline to the pouring site. The pumping system consists of the hopper assembly, pumping mechanism, delivery pipeline and lubrication system. The structure of the pumping mechanism is mainly composed of concrete piston assembly, main oil cylinder, delivery cylinder, washing chamber, tie rod and other parts.
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